Woollett A, Dosanjh N, Nicolson P, Marshall H, Djhanbakhch O, Hadlow J
Department of Psychology, University of East London, UK.
Br J Med Psychol. 1995 Mar;68(1):65-84. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1995.tb01813.x.
This study examined differences between the ideas and experiences of pregnancy and childbirth of Asian and non-Asian women giving birth in East London, and sources of variability in Asian women's accounts. In line with the findings of previous research, Asian women's ideas about diet in pregnancy, the gender of their children and postnatal care (e.g. the need for rest and recovery, and restrictions on their activities) were influenced by cultural beliefs and practices. However, in other ways Asian women demonstrated a strong commitment to Western maternity care. In contrast to some other studies Asian women wanted their husbands or partners present at delivery, indicating the extent to which traditional ideas are being modified. Qualitative analysis of Asian women's fuller accounts indicated that women subscribed to traditional practice as well as Western maternity care. Acculturation or familiarity with Western ideas about maternity care was associated with variability in Asian women's ideas and experiences, in line with previous research. However, in spite of frequent assumptions about its significance, religion was not associated with variability in Asian women's ideas and experiences. Parity, however, was a major variable, for Asian and for non-Asian women, suggesting that the first birth has different significance for parents than subsequent births. The implications for the provision of maternity care are discussed, especially the need to go beyond stereotypical views based on women's ethnicity or religion to consider the beliefs and preferences of women as individuals and their personal circumstances.
本研究调查了在东伦敦分娩的亚洲女性和非亚洲女性在怀孕及分娩观念和经历上的差异，以及亚洲女性叙述中的变异性来源。与先前研究结果一致，亚洲女性在孕期饮食、孩子性别及产后护理（如休息和恢复的需求以及活动限制）方面的观念受到文化信仰和习俗的影响。然而，在其他方面，亚洲女性对西方产科护理表现出强烈的认同。与其他一些研究不同，亚洲女性希望丈夫或伴侣在分娩时在场，这表明传统观念正在发生改变。对亚洲女性更详尽叙述的定性分析表明，女性既认同传统做法，也接受西方产科护理。与先前研究一致，文化适应或对西方产科护理观念的熟悉程度与亚洲女性的观念和经历的变异性相关。然而，尽管人们常常认为宗教很重要，但宗教与亚洲女性观念和经历的变异性并无关联。不过，产次是一个主要变量，对亚洲女性和非亚洲女性都是如此，这表明初产对父母而言与后续分娩具有不同的意义。文中讨论了对提供产科护理的启示，特别是需要超越基于女性种族或宗教的刻板观点，去考虑女性作为个体的信仰和偏好以及她们的个人情况。
