Recent advances in parenteral nutrition.

With the modifications described in this article, some of the precise elements in parenteral nutrition have been elucidated. With these changes, this form of nutrition has provided the essential calories and trace elements necessary for very-low-birthweight infants, as well as infants who have required surgery. As further research is done in this area, it is anticipated that even more adjustments to parenteral nutrition will be made, in order to provide optimal caloric vitamin, and trace element intake and establish the optimal manner in which these are administered.