Arnold N, Wienberg J, Ermert K, Zachau H G
Institut für Anthropologie und Humangenetik, Universität München, Germany.
Genomics. 1995 Mar 1;26(1):147-50. doi: 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80095-4.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of cosmid clones of human V kappa gene regions to human and primate chromosomes contributed to the dating of chromosome reorganizations in evolution. A clone from the kappa locus at 2p11-p12 (cos 106) hybridized to the assumed homologous chromosome bands in the chimpanzees Pan troglodytes (PTR) and P. paniscus (PPA), the Gorilla gorilla (GGO), and the orangutan Pongo pygmaeus (PPY). Human and both chimpanzees differed from gorilla and orangutan by the mapping of cos 170, a clone derived from chromosome 2cen-q11.2; the transposition of this orphon to the other side of the centromere can, therefore, be dated after the human/chimpanzee and gorilla divergence. Hybridization to homologous bands was also found with a cosmid clone containing a V kappa I orphon located on chromosome 1 (cos 115, main signal at 1q31-q32), although the probe is not fully unique. Also, a clone derived from the orphon V kappa region on chromosome 22q11 (cos 121) hybridized to the homologous bands in the great apes. This indicates that the orphons on human chromosomes 1 and 22 had been translocated early in primate evolution.
将人类Vκ基因区域的黏粒克隆与人类及灵长类染色体进行荧光原位杂交（FISH），有助于确定进化过程中染色体重组的时间。一个来自2p11 - p12处κ基因座的克隆（cos 106）与黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes，PTR；P. paniscus，PPA）、大猩猩（Gorilla gorilla，GGO）和猩猩（Pongo pygmaeus，PPY）中假定的同源染色体带杂交。人类和两种黑猩猩与大猩猩和猩猩的区别在于cos 170的定位，cos 170是一个源自染色体2cen - q11.2的克隆；因此，这个孤基因向着丝粒另一侧的转位可以追溯到人类/黑猩猩与大猩猩分化之后。用一个包含位于1号染色体上的Vκ孤基因的黏粒克隆（cos 115，主要信号位于1q31 - q32）也发现了与同源带的杂交，尽管该探针并非完全独特。此外，一个源自22q11上的孤基因Vκ区域的克隆（cos 121）与大猩猩中的同源带杂交。这表明人类1号和22号染色体上的孤基因在灵长类进化早期就已经发生了易位。
