Keilmann A, Bader C A
Arztin für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, Universitäts-Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik, Mannheim, Germany.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1995 Mar;31(2-3):183-90. doi: 10.1016/0165-5876(94)01089-g.
To determine the changes with increasing age in children this study measured the air flow and the acoustic signal in children aged 4-15 years. The subglottal pressure was estimated from the intraoral pressure during the phonation of the word 'ipipi'. From these parameters the glottal resistance and the glottal efficiency were calculated. Since these parameters depend on the sound pressure level, a linear regression of the parameters versus the sound pressure level was done, and the values for 75 dB SPL were taken for statistical analysis. The study found a subglottal pressure in younger children between 6 and 10 cm water column, which seemed to diminish with age. The phonatory flow rate was between 50 and 150 ml/s in younger children, which seemed to increase with age. The glottal resistance did not depend on age, values of 20-250 Ns/m5 at a sound pressure level of 75 dB exceed those for adults given in the literature. The measurements for the glottal efficiency showed a broad variability between 20 ppm and 400 ppm.
为了确定儿童随着年龄增长的变化，本研究测量了4至15岁儿童的气流和声学信号。通过发“ipipi”这个词时的口腔内压力来估算声门下压力。根据这些参数计算声门阻力和声门效率。由于这些参数取决于声压级，因此对参数与声压级进行了线性回归，并采用75 dB声压级的值进行统计分析。研究发现，年幼儿童的声门下压力在6至10厘米水柱之间，似乎随着年龄的增长而减小。年幼儿童的发声流速在50至150毫升/秒之间，似乎随着年龄的增长而增加。声门阻力不依赖于年龄，在75 dB声压级下，20至250 Ns/m5的值超过了文献中给出的成人值。声门效率的测量结果显示在20 ppm至400 ppm之间有很大差异。
