Davis A, Fortnum H, O'Donoghue G
MRC Institute of Hearing Research, Nottingham University, UK.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1995 Mar;31(2-3):221-33. doi: 10.1016/0165-5876(94)01115-e.
The incidence of profound hearing impairment by the age of 5, derived from a number of retrospective studies in the UK (population about 58 million; birth rate 14/1000), is estimated to be about 300 per annual birth cohort in the 1990s. This estimate includes 80 children who might be expected to acquire deafness in those first 5 years. Projected to Europe as a whole (population 511 million; birth rate 12/1000) this would mean a population who should be considered as potential cochlear implant patients of some 2268 children, given a variety of assumptions. At a take-up rate of 25% for both congenital and acquired cases of profound hearing impairment this would imply a European-wide expenditure of the order of 17 pounds m/p.a. on hardware and associated rehabilitation programmes. The need for such programmes is explored, in the context of strategies of early identification of hearing impairments.
根据英国的多项回顾性研究（英国人口约5800万，出生率为14‰），估计20世纪90年代每年出生队列中5岁时出现重度听力障碍的发生率约为每出生队列300人。这一估计包括预计在最初5年内会出现耳聋的80名儿童。按照各种假设推算到整个欧洲（人口5.11亿，出生率12‰），这意味着约2268名儿童应被视为潜在的人工耳蜗植入患者。对于先天性和后天性重度听力障碍病例，若接受率均为25%，这将意味着全欧洲每年在硬件及相关康复项目上的支出约为1700万英镑。本文在听力障碍早期识别策略的背景下探讨了此类项目的必要性。
