Linton S J
Department of Occupational Medicine, Orebro Medical Center, Sweden.
Scand J Rehabil Med Suppl. 1995;32:67-77.
Psychological factors are suspected to be pertinent in the etiology, maintenance, treatment and prevention of neck and shoulder pain problems. I present a broad overview of current knowledge and trends concerning cognitive-behavioral factors for these pain problems. Although there is a dire lack of research concerning cognitive-behavioral approaches and no psychological theory specific to neck and shoulder problems is currently available, a good deal is nevertheless known about musculoskeletal pain in general. Consequently, there is reason to believe that these factors may be involved in the etiology of neck-and-shoulder disorders. In particular, psychological factors appear to be important in the development and maintenance of subacute and chronic problems. Treatment techniques, adherence, and prevention are examined from a psychological perspective. The application of cognitive-behavioral factors to the treatment and prevention of neck and shoulder pain should provide new avenues which enhance results. It is concluded that while a lack of research precludes definite conclusions, there is ample reason to believe that research into psychological factors may well result in a better understanding of neck and shoulder pain and enhanced treatment and prevention outcomes.
心理因素被怀疑与颈肩疼痛问题的病因、维持、治疗和预防相关。我将对当前有关这些疼痛问题的认知行为因素的知识和趋势进行广泛概述。尽管关于认知行为方法的研究严重不足，且目前尚无专门针对颈肩问题的心理学理论，但总体上我们对肌肉骨骼疼痛还是了解很多。因此，有理由相信这些因素可能与颈肩疾病的病因有关。特别是，心理因素在亚急性和慢性问题的发展和维持中似乎很重要。从心理学角度审视治疗技术、依从性和预防措施。将认知行为因素应用于颈肩疼痛的治疗和预防应能提供新途径，从而提高治疗效果。结论是，虽然研究不足无法得出明确结论，但有充分理由相信，对心理因素的研究很可能会使我们更好地理解颈肩疼痛，并改善治疗和预防效果。
