Hilberg O, Grymer L F, Pedersen O F
Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1995 Jun;74(6):516-21.
Nasal patency shows spontaneous variations but is also influenced by exercise and allergic conditions. These variations have not been described in detail with regard to allergy.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether these variations are different in nonallergic subjects and in subjects with nasal allergy to pollen out of the pollen season.
We examined 12 of each type of subject in the winter on two days for seven hours in a climatic chamber with constant temperature and relative humidity, one day for examination of spontaneous variations and one day for examination of exercise response. Every 15 minutes the volume of the nasal cavities, minimum cross-sectional areas, and areas at fixed distances from the nostril were measured by acoustic rhinometry. Symptoms were scored by a questionnaire.
There were more pronounced spontaneous variations expressed as the coefficient of variation of nasal volume in allergic than in nonallergic subjects (14% against 9%, P = .004). A nasal cycle was observed in four of the nonallergic subjects and three of the allergic subjects. In the postexercise period, the spontaneous variations in the nonallergic subjects were increased but decreased in the allergic subjects. Exercise increased nasal patency more in the allergic subjects but only significantly for the cross-sectional area at 3.3 cm (105% compared with 43% in the nonallergic subjects, P = .05). In contrast, pharmacologic decongestion in the allergic subjects showed a tendency to be more pronounced for the nasal cavity volume (55% increase versus 42%, P = .08). There was no difference between the groups in nasal symptom scores.
Allergic subjects out of the pollen season have more congested and more sensitive nasal mucosa than nonallergic subjects.
鼻腔通畅度存在自发变化，但也受运动和过敏状况影响。关于过敏方面，这些变化尚未得到详细描述。
本研究旨在探讨非过敏受试者与花粉季节之外对花粉过敏的受试者在这些变化上是否存在差异。
我们在冬季对每种类型的12名受试者进行了两天的检查，在恒温恒湿的气候舱内进行7小时，一天用于检查自发变化，一天用于检查运动反应。每隔15分钟，通过鼻声反射测量鼻腔容积、最小横截面积以及距鼻孔固定距离处的面积。症状通过问卷进行评分。
以鼻腔容积变异系数表示的自发变化在过敏受试者中比非过敏受试者更为明显（分别为14%和9%，P = 0.004）。在4名非过敏受试者和3名过敏受试者中观察到了鼻周期。在运动后阶段，非过敏受试者的自发变化增加，而过敏受试者的自发变化减少。运动使过敏受试者的鼻腔通畅度增加得更多，但仅在3.3 cm处的横截面积有显著差异（与非过敏受试者的43%相比，过敏受试者为105%，P = 0.05）。相比之下，过敏受试者的药物减充血在鼻腔容积方面有更明显的趋势（增加55%，而非过敏受试者为42%，P = 0.08）。两组在鼻部症状评分上没有差异。
花粉季节之外，过敏受试者的鼻黏膜比非过敏受试者更充血且更敏感。
