Hilberg O, Grymer L F, Pedersen O F
Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
Allergy. 1995 Feb;50(2):166-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb05075.x.
Nasal patency shows spontaneous variations but is influenced by a number of factors like exercise and allergic conditions. Nasal histamine challenge has been used to define nasal hypersensitivity. We have applied acoustic rhinometry as a new objective method to study the spontaneous variations of the nasal mucosa and its response to histamine challenge in 12 nonallergic subjects and 12 subjects with nasal allergy to pollen, but out of the pollen season. Measurements of the minimum cross-sectional area and the volume of the nasal cavities were done every 15 min for 6 h. More pronounced spontaneous variations, defined by the coefficient of variation of the measurements, were encountered in the allergic than in the nonallergic subjects, especially with regard to the minimum cross-sectional areas in the nasal cavities (P < 0.02). Allergic subjects showed increased sensitivity to histamine, as compared with nonallergic subjects, during low-concentration (0.1%) challenge (P < 0.05) and a prolonged effect of histamine challenge (P = 0.01). Antihistamine (cetirizine) had a significant effect on the histamine-induced symptoms and decrease of nasal dimensions during histamine challenge, but no significant effect on pollen-induced changes. In the allergic group, the decrease in minimum area during allergen provocation correlated with the level of specific IgE (r = 0.81; P = 0.0015).
鼻通畅度呈现自发变化，但会受到多种因素影响，如运动和过敏状态。鼻组胺激发试验已被用于定义鼻超敏反应。我们应用声反射鼻测量法作为一种新的客观方法，研究了12名非过敏性受试者和12名对花粉过敏但处于花粉季节之外的受试者鼻腔黏膜的自发变化及其对组胺激发的反应。在6小时内，每隔15分钟测量一次鼻腔的最小横截面积和容积。与非过敏性受试者相比，过敏性受试者的测量变异系数所定义的自发变化更为明显，尤其是在鼻腔最小横截面积方面（P<0.02）。与非过敏性受试者相比，过敏性受试者在低浓度（0.1%）激发试验期间对组胺的敏感性增加（P<0.05），且组胺激发试验的效应持续时间延长（P = 0.01）。抗组胺药（西替利嗪）对组胺激发试验期间组胺诱导的症状和鼻腔尺寸减小有显著影响，但对花粉诱导的变化无显著影响。在过敏组中，变应原激发试验期间最小面积的减小与特异性IgE水平相关（r = 0.81；P = 0.0015）。
