Lerondelle C, Greenland T, Jane M, Mornex J F
Laboratoire associé de recherches sur les lentivirus chez les petits ruminants, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
J Dairy Sci. 1995 Apr;78(4):850-5. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76697-8.
The possibility of transmission of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus between lactating goats by the transfer of infected cells during milking has been examined experimentally. Four virus-free Saanen goats were infected, two in full lactation and two during the drying off period, by instillation of infected allogeneic cells into the milk canal of one-half of the udder. All four goats became infected, as shown by the isolation of virus from peripheral blood monocytes, seroconversion, and presence of typical lesions in the mammary gland. The virus was rapidly and constantly demonstrable in cells from the mammary secretions of the dry goats, but less regularly detected from milk cells from the lactating goats. Virus was more frequently isolated when milk SCC were elevated. Virus was present as often in secretions from the uninoculated half of the udder as the inoculated half. Dry goats seroconverted progressively, although antibody concentrations remained low; the lactating goats developed weak, positive Western blots in the late phase of lactation but only gave positive ELISA titers after drying off and artificial reinduction of lactation. At necropsy, lesions typical of the virus were observed in the mammary tissues of all four goats, and three had arthritis of the carpi.
通过挤奶过程中感染细胞的转移，在泌乳山羊之间传播山羊关节炎-脑炎病毒的可能性已通过实验进行了研究。四只无病毒的萨能山羊被感染，其中两只处于完全泌乳期，两只处于干奶期，通过将感染的同种异体细胞滴注到一侧乳房的乳管中。所有四只山羊都被感染，这表现为从外周血单核细胞中分离出病毒、血清转化以及乳腺中出现典型病变。在干奶山羊的乳腺分泌物细胞中能迅速且持续检测到病毒，但在泌乳山羊的乳汁细胞中检测到的频率较低。当牛奶体细胞计数升高时，病毒更频繁地被分离出来。未接种一侧乳房的分泌物中病毒出现的频率与接种一侧相同。干奶山羊逐渐发生血清转化，尽管抗体浓度仍然较低；泌乳山羊在泌乳后期出现弱阳性的蛋白质免疫印迹，但仅在干奶并人工诱导泌乳后ELISA滴度呈阳性。尸检时，在所有四只山羊的乳腺组织中均观察到该病毒的典型病变，三只山羊出现腕关节关节炎。
