Cunha B A
Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 1995 Jul;79(4):817-31. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7125(16)30041-4.
Vancomycin is a nontoxic glycopeptide antibiotic most often used to treat serious gram-positive infections, C. difficile diarrhea/colitis, and endocarditis and hemodialysis shunt prophylaxis. Vancomycin should not be added to drug regimens for gram-positive coverage, and the empiric use of vancomycin should be discouraged to avoid the emergence of VRE. Vancomycin serum levels are no longer necessary or cost effective in most patients because vancomycin is not nephrotoxic.
万古霉素是一种无毒的糖肽类抗生素，最常用于治疗严重的革兰氏阳性菌感染、艰难梭菌腹泻/结肠炎、心内膜炎以及预防血液透析分流感染。不应将万古霉素添加到用于革兰氏阳性菌覆盖的药物方案中，并且应避免经验性使用万古霉素以防止耐万古霉素肠球菌（VRE）的出现。由于万古霉素没有肾毒性，在大多数患者中监测万古霉素血清水平已不再必要且不具有成本效益。
