Brown G W, Harris T O, Hepworth C
Department of Social Policy and Social Science, University of London.
Psychol Med. 1995 Jan;25(1):7-21. doi: 10.1017/s003329170002804x.
This paper is part of a series dealing with the role of life events in the onset of depressive disorders. Women who developed depression in a general population sample in Islington in North London are contrasted with a National Health Service-treated series of depressed patients in the same area. Findings among the latter confirm the importance of a severely threatening provoking event for onset among the majority of depressed women patients. The results for the two series are similar except for a small subgroup of patients characterized by a melancholic/psychotic condition with a prior episode. The severe events of importance have been recognized for some time by the traditional ratings of the Life Events and Difficulty Schedule (LEDS). However, the full descriptive material collected by the LEDS has been used to develop a new refined measure reflecting the likelihood of feelings of humiliation and being trapped following a severely threatening event, in addition to existing measures of loss or danger. The experience of humiliation and entrapment was important in provoking depression in both the patient and non-patient series. It proved to be associated with a far greater risk of depression than the experience of loss or danger without humiliation or entrapment.
本文是关于生活事件在抑郁症发作中作用的系列论文的一部分。在伦敦北部伊斯灵顿的普通人群样本中患抑郁症的女性，与同一地区接受国民医疗服务体系治疗的一系列抑郁症患者形成对比。后者的研究结果证实了严重威胁性诱发事件对大多数抑郁症女性患者发病的重要性。除了一小部分以忧郁/精神病状态且有既往发作史为特征的患者外，两个系列的结果相似。重要的严重事件在一段时间以来已通过生活事件和困难量表（LEDS）的传统评分得到认可。然而，LEDS收集的完整描述性材料已被用于开发一种新的精确测量方法，该方法除了现有的损失或危险测量方法外，还反映了在严重威胁性事件后感到羞辱和陷入困境的可能性。羞辱和陷入困境的经历在引发患者组和非患者组的抑郁症方面都很重要。事实证明，与没有羞辱或陷入困境的损失或危险经历相比，它与患抑郁症的风险要大得多。
