Juvonen T, Satta J, Laitala P, Luukkonen K, Nissinen J
Department of Surgery, University of Oulu, Finland.
Am J Surg. 1995 Jul;170(1):33-7. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9610(99)80248-7.
Abnormal anatomy at the thoracic outlet is frequent in patients operated on for thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). The present study was designed to find out the rate of thoracic outlet anomalies in the general population.
Fifty cadavers representing a general population were subjected to a total of 98 meticulously performed cervical dissections to ascertain the frequency of congenital anomalies in the thoracocervicoaxillary region.
During the 98 cervical dissections, 62 instances of abnormal anatomy of the thoracic outlet were found, and fully normal anatomy was found in 36 cases. Of the total 69 abnormalies, 66 could be classified according to Roos: 37 were type 3 abnormalities, 15 were type 5, 9 were type 11, and there was 1 each of type 4, type 6, type 7, type 9, and type 10 abnormalities. The remaining 3 abnormalities did not fit into Roos' classification. Only 10% (5/50) of the cadavers had a bilaterally normal anatomy.
The results demonstrate that abnormal structures, such as congenital bands in the thoracic outlet, are more common in the general population than had previously been described. We suggest that fibrous bands confer a predisposition for TOS following a certain degree of stress or injury.
接受胸廓出口综合征（TOS）手术的患者中，胸廓出口解剖结构异常很常见。本研究旨在查明普通人群中胸廓出口异常的发生率。
对代表普通人群的50具尸体进行了总共98次精心操作的颈部解剖，以确定胸颈腋区域先天性异常的发生率。
在98次颈部解剖中，发现62例胸廓出口解剖结构异常，36例解剖结构完全正常。在总共69处异常中，66处可根据鲁斯分类：37处为3型异常，15处为5型，9处为11型，4型、6型、7型、9型和10型异常各有1处。其余3处异常不符合鲁斯分类。仅10%（5/50）的尸体双侧解剖结构正常。
结果表明，胸廓出口处的先天性束带等异常结构在普通人群中比以前描述的更为常见。我们认为，纤维束带在一定程度的压力或损伤后会使人易患胸廓出口综合征。
