Cirillo J D, Stover C K, Bloom B R, Jacobs W R, Barletta R G
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, California, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Apr;20(4):1001-9. doi: 10.1093/clinids/20.4.1001.
Recent advances in biotechnology now allow a more modern approach to the development of vaccines, particularly that of recombinant vaccines. Bacterial vaccine vectors have the advantage over viral vectors in that the former have the ability to express a greater number of antigens in different forms. Although no recombinant bacterial vaccines are currently in use, bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), Salmonella species, and Escherichia coli are being developed as vaccine vectors. We review plasmid systems and mutant strains developed for the expression of foreign antigens, with particular emphasis on those developed for BCG. We describe the development of antigen expression systems as well as the immune response elicited by recombinant BCG vaccine strains to bacterial and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigens. A modified recombinant BCG carrier with selection for the stable maintenance of rDNA is proposed.
生物技术的最新进展使得疫苗开发有了更现代的方法，尤其是重组疫苗。细菌疫苗载体相对于病毒载体具有优势，因为前者有能力以不同形式表达更多数量的抗原。尽管目前尚无重组细菌疫苗投入使用，但卡介苗（BCG）、沙门氏菌属和大肠杆菌正被开发用作疫苗载体。我们综述了为表达外源抗原而开发的质粒系统和突变菌株，尤其着重于为卡介苗开发的那些。我们描述了抗原表达系统的开发以及重组卡介苗疫苗株对细菌和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）抗原引发的免疫反应。我们提出了一种经过改良的重组卡介苗载体，用于选择稳定维持rDNA。
