Rotbart H A
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Section, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver 80262, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Apr;20(4):971-81. doi: 10.1093/clinids/20.4.971.
Infections of the CNS with the nonpolio enteroviruses are common and important causes of morbidity in both children and adults. Studies have recently defined the short-term and long-term outcomes of aseptic meningitis due to the enteroviruses. Focal encephalitis is increasingly recognized as a complication of enterovirus infection. Patients at greatest risk for sequelae of CNS enteroviral disease include neonates and those who are immunocompromised. The clinical presentation may mimic that of bacterial or other viral CNS infections, a circumstance making laboratory diagnosis of paramount importance for reducing unnecessary hospitalization and therapy. Recent advances in PCR technology, including its adaptation to a colorimetric microwell plate format, promise to greatly facilitate diagnosis of enteroviral infections. Promising antiviral drugs for CNS disease and other serious manifestations of enteroviral infections are under development.
中枢神经系统被非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒感染在儿童和成人中都是常见且重要的发病原因。最近的研究已经明确了肠道病毒所致无菌性脑膜炎的短期和长期预后。局灶性脑炎越来越被认为是肠道病毒感染的一种并发症。中枢神经系统肠道病毒病后遗症风险最高的患者包括新生儿和免疫功能低下者。其临床表现可能与细菌性或其他病毒性中枢神经系统感染相似，这种情况使得实验室诊断对于减少不必要的住院和治疗至关重要。PCR技术的最新进展，包括其适用于比色微孔板形式，有望极大地促进肠道病毒感染的诊断。针对中枢神经系统疾病和肠道病毒感染其他严重表现的有前景的抗病毒药物正在研发中。
