Whelton P K, Buring J, Borhani N O, Cohen J D, Cook N, Cutler J A, Kiley J E, Kuller L H, Satterfield S, Sacks F M
Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205-2223, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 1995 Mar;5(2):85-95. doi: 10.1016/1047-2797(94)00053-v.
We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral potassium chloride supplementation (60 mmol/d) in 353 men and women with an initial average diastolic blood pressure between 80 and 89 mm Hg. In the active (n = 178) compared to the placebo (n = 175) treatment group, the urinary potassium level was significantly (p < 0.001) increased by an average of 44.0 and 42.3 mmol/24 h following 3 and 6 months of therapy, respectively. Compared to placebo, active treatment was associated with a small (mean = 1.8 mm Hg) but significant (p = 0.04) reduction in diastolic blood pressure following 3 months of therapy. Following 6 months, however, this apparent treatment effect had virtually disappeared (mean reduction in diastolic blood pressure = 0.3 mm Hg). There was no significant effect of potassium supplementation on systolic blood pressure at either follow-up visit. There was a significant, independent, dose-response relationship between change in both 24-hour urinary potassium excretion and urinary sodium-potassium ratio and the corresponding change in diastolic blood pressure (-1.49 mm Hg for the highest versus the lowest quartile of change in urinary potassium excretion.
我们对353名初始平均舒张压在80至89毫米汞柱之间的男性和女性进行了一项口服氯化钾补充剂（60毫摩尔/天）的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验。在活性治疗组（n = 178）与安慰剂组（n = 175）相比，治疗3个月和6个月后，活性治疗组的尿钾水平分别显著升高（p < 0.001），平均升高44.0和42.3毫摩尔/24小时。与安慰剂相比，活性治疗在治疗3个月后舒张压有小幅（平均 = 1.8毫米汞柱）但显著（p = 0.04）的降低。然而，6个月后，这种明显的治疗效果几乎消失（舒张压平均降低 = 0.3毫米汞柱）。在两次随访中，补充钾对收缩压均无显著影响。24小时尿钾排泄量和尿钠钾比的变化与舒张压的相应变化之间存在显著、独立的剂量反应关系（尿钾排泄量变化最高四分位数与最低四分位数相比，舒张压降低-1.49毫米汞柱）。
