Jones P R
School of Advanced Nursing and Social Work, North East Wales Institute, Wrexham, Clwyd.
J Adv Nurs. 1995 Apr;21(4):783-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1995.21040783.x.
Reflection is seen as a central component in the education and practice of nurses. It is through critical reflection on one's practice that expertise can be assured. This faith in the process of reflection has influenced much of pre and post registration nurse education. It is only in the past few years that reflection as a technique has being criticized. A small-scale study investigating the phenomenon of hindsight bias and its consequence on the reflective process is described. The effects of the hindsight bias is to influence people's recollection of events once they know the final outcome. The present study does indicate that nurses are susceptible to such a bias, which would question the validity of reflection as a way to enhance patient care. There is an urgent need to clarify the reflective process and then to examine its effect on patient outcomes.
反思被视为护士教育与实践的核心组成部分。正是通过对自身实践的批判性反思，才能确保专业技能的提升。这种对反思过程的信念已经对注册前和注册后的护士教育产生了很大影响。直到过去几年，反思作为一种技术才受到批评。本文描述了一项小规模研究，该研究调查了事后诸葛亮式偏差现象及其对反思过程的影响。事后诸葛亮式偏差的影响在于，一旦人们知道了最终结果，就会影响他们对事件的回忆。本研究确实表明护士容易受到这种偏差的影响，这将质疑反思作为一种改善患者护理方式的有效性。迫切需要澄清反思过程，然后检验其对患者治疗结果的影响。
