Pivnicki D
Confin Psychiatr. 1975;18(4):245-52.
Transference as a term in philosophy has been used by Kant and Fichte from the end of the 18th century. By the end of the next one it became widely used. Freud's first "definition" of the term transference (1895) is, as far as daily use of it is concerned, the most precise one and in closet symphony with the early ones in philosophy. The later formulations of his, are dim and vague. But even in this respect they follow the path this metaphore has already passed in the works of Dilthey: from a specific descriptive notion to an all-encircling concept. These uncertainties of meaning, depleated its practical value. Further studies might be of, both, theoretical and practical importance, only if discipline will be applied in defining and testing its definitions. To proceeed further in scholastic disputations is senseless.
“移情”作为一个哲学术语,自18世纪末以来就被康德和费希特所使用。到19世纪末,它被广泛应用。就日常使用而言,弗洛伊德对“移情”一词的首个“定义”(1895年)是最精确的,并且与哲学领域早期的定义极为契合。他后来的表述则模糊不清。但即便在这方面,它们也遵循了这一隐喻在狄尔泰著作中所走过的路径:从一个特定的描述性概念演变为一个涵盖一切的概念。这些意义上的不确定性削弱了它的实际价值。只有在定义和检验其定义时运用严谨性,进一步的研究才可能具有理论和实践重要性。在学术争论中继续深究是毫无意义的。