Liss G M, Wong L, Kittle D C, Simor A, Naus M, Martiquet P, Misener C R
Health and Safety Studies Unit, Ontario Ministry of Labour, Toronto.
Can J Public Health. 1994 Sep-Oct;85(5):326-9.
In late 1991, two herds of deer and elk were depopulated at a slaughtering plant in Ontario, followed by processing of infected animals at a rendering plant. We conducted a questionnaire plus tuberculin skin-test survey of 104 exposed slaughtering and rendering plant workers, and government veterinarians and inspectors. Overall, 17 participants were skin-test positive, one of 51 initially skin-test negative subjects tested a second time three months later became positive, consistent with the risk associated with occupational exposure during the depopulation of tuberculous elk previously observed in Alberta. Deer farming is widespread, with 263 herds in Ontario. The likely route of transmission is through aerosols. Possible reasons for the low conversion rate include the use of respiratory protection, absence of a tanning plant, an enclosed rendering plant process, and late skin testing which may have underestimated the number of conversions. Recommendations for prevention are summarized; in particular, respiratory protection for work with infected herds should probably include high efficiency particulate face masks.
1991年末，安大略省一家屠宰场的两群鹿和麋鹿被扑杀，随后在一家提炼厂对受感染动物进行加工处理。我们对104名接触过的屠宰厂和提炼厂工人、政府兽医及检查员进行了问卷调查和结核菌素皮肤试验调查。总体而言，17名参与者皮肤试验呈阳性，51名最初皮肤试验呈阴性的受试者中有1人在三个月后再次检测呈阳性，这与之前在艾伯塔省观察到的扑杀患结核病麋鹿期间职业接触的风险一致。安大略省的养鹿业很普遍，有263个鹿群。可能的传播途径是通过气溶胶。转化率低的可能原因包括使用了呼吸防护设备、没有鞣革厂、提炼厂采用封闭式工艺以及皮肤试验较晚，这可能低估了转化的人数。总结了预防建议；特别是，对接触受感染鹿群的工作进行呼吸防护可能应包括高效微粒口罩。
