Sevald C A, Dell G S
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61820.
Cognition. 1994 Nov;53(2):91-127. doi: 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90067-1.
How are the sounds of words represented in plans for speech production? In Experiment 1, subjects produced sequences of four CVCs as many times as possible in 8s. We varied the number of repetitions of the initial consonant, vowel, final consonant, CV, rhyme, and whole CVC each sequence required, and measured subjects' speaking rate. Subjects produced more CVCs when the final consonant or whole word was repeated, but were slowed when only initial sounds or CVs were repeated. Two other experiments replicate the location-based effects and extended them to bisyllabic words. We attribute the locational effects to competition between words that are formally similar, and specifically, to competition between discrepant phonemes in the two words to occupy a particular wordframe position. The fact that only discrepant initial, but not final sounds slow production suggests that phonemes are activated sequentially, from left to right.
语音产生计划中单词的发音是如何被表征的？在实验1中，受试者在8秒内尽可能多地重复由四个辅音-元音-辅音（CVC）组成的序列。我们改变了每个序列中首辅音、元音、尾辅音、辅音-元音组合（CV）、韵脚以及整个CVC的重复次数，并测量了受试者的说话速度。当尾辅音或整个单词被重复时，受试者能说出更多的CVC，但当只有首音或CV被重复时，他们的语速会减慢。另外两个实验重复了基于位置的效应，并将其扩展到双音节词。我们将这些位置效应归因于形式相似的单词之间的竞争，具体来说，是两个单词中不同音素为占据特定单词框架位置而产生的竞争。只有不同的首音而非尾音会减慢发音速度这一事实表明，音素是从左到右依次被激活的。
