Rubino I A, Cimino C, Saya A, Ciani N
Tor Vergata University, Roma, Italy.
Percept Mot Skills. 1994 Aug;79(1 Pt 2):487-98. doi: 10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.487.
The defensive organization of Melancholia was explored with a tachistoscopic percept-genetic technique, the Defense Mechanism Test. A sample of 20 women inpatients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode or Major Depression, Melancholic Type was contrasted with a matched group of depressed outpatients and a matched group of nonclinical subjects. Signs of introaggression on the hero, statue-repression, and stereotypy significantly characterized melancholic patients. The latter were discriminated from depressed outpatients as showing more signs of stereotypy and of discontinuity. Mask-disguise defenses were typically endorsed by Bipolar melancholic patients and significantly differentiated them from Unipolar melancholic patients. One type of stereotypy (regarding wrong age attributes of the central figure) successfully predicted a poor response to antidepressive therapy. Relevant modifications of the current Defense Mechanism Test coding criteria for stereotypy are proposed.
采用速示感知发生技术（防御机制测试）对忧郁症的防御组织进行了探究。选取了20名符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订版（DSM-III-R）中重度抑郁发作或重度抑郁、忧郁型诊断标准的女性住院患者作为样本，与一组相匹配的抑郁门诊患者和一组相匹配的非临床受试者进行对比。在主人公身上的内向攻击、雕像压抑和刻板印象等迹象是忧郁症患者的显著特征。忧郁症患者与抑郁门诊患者的区别在于，前者表现出更多的刻板印象和不连续性迹象。面具伪装防御通常为双相忧郁症患者所认可，这使他们与单相忧郁症患者有显著区别。一种刻板印象（关于核心人物的错误年龄属性）成功预测了对抗抑郁治疗的不良反应。文中提出了对当前防御机制测试中刻板印象编码标准的相关修改建议。
