Fukao A, Tsubono Y, Tsuji I, HIsamichi S, Sugahara N, Takano A
Department of Public Health, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Int J Cancer. 1995 Jan 3;60(1):45-8. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910600106.
Although a screening program for gastric cancer, using barium X-ray examination, has been carried out widely in Japan for the past 3 decades, there is insufficient evidence to confirm its effectiveness in terms of reducing mortality. To evaluate the effectiveness of the screening, a population-based case-control study was carried out in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Case subjects, who had died from gastric cancer (198) and control subjects matched in age, sex and residence (577) were selected from among members of the National Health Insurance. Their screening histories during 5 years before the cases were diagnosed were surveyed on the basis of records of the regional cancer registry and the cancer-detection center. The odds ratio (OR) of death from gastric cancer for the persons who participated in the screening at least once during 5 years was 0.41. For those who participated only once during 5 years the OR was 0.43, and for those whose last participation was 5 years earlier it was 0.30. Our data suggest that screening for gastric cancer at 5-year intervals might reduce mortality by 60%, and that the effect might remain for at least 5 years.
在过去三十年里，日本广泛开展了使用钡餐X线检查的胃癌筛查项目，但目前尚无充分证据证实其在降低死亡率方面的有效性。为评估该筛查的有效性，在日本宫城县开展了一项基于人群的病例对照研究。病例组为死于胃癌的患者（198例），对照组为在年龄、性别和居住地相匹配的对象（577例），均选自国民健康保险的参保人员。根据地区癌症登记处和癌症检测中心的记录，调查了病例确诊前5年内他们的筛查史。在5年内至少参加过一次筛查的人群中，死于胃癌的比值比（OR）为0.41。在5年内仅参加过一次筛查的人群中，OR为0.43，而最后一次参加筛查是在5年前的人群中，OR为0.30。我们的数据表明，每5年进行一次胃癌筛查可能会使死亡率降低60%，且这种效果可能至少持续5年。
