Kenny D A, Kashy D A
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269-1020.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1994 Dec;67(6):1024-33. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.67.6.1024.
Newcomb's (1953) idea of co-orientation (interdependence between two persons' attitudes or perceptions) is used as a framework within which interpersonal perception between friends and acquaintances is examined. The principal question is whether co-orientation effects are stronger for friendship dyads than for acquaintance dyads. More specifically, the study examines the degree to which consensus, assimilation, self-other agreement, and assumed similarity differ. The social relations model is used to analyze a data set that included 16 living groups with 119 friend dyads and 1.668 acquaintance dyads. Results indicate that co-orientation effects are more pronounced in friendship dyads. The increment in co-orientation effects is largely due to similarities in the unique or idiosyncratic perceptions that people have of friendship pairs as well as the unique agreement about others that friends have with one another.
纽科姆（1953）提出的共向性概念（两人态度或认知之间的相互依存关系）被用作一个框架，在此框架内研究朋友和熟人之间的人际认知。主要问题是共向性效应在朋友二元组中是否比在熟人二元组中更强。更具体地说，该研究考察了共识、同化、自我与他人一致性以及假定相似性在何种程度上存在差异。社会关系模型被用于分析一个数据集，该数据集包括16个生活群体，其中有119对朋友二元组和1668对熟人二元组。结果表明，共向性效应在朋友二元组中更为显著。共向性效应的增加很大程度上归因于人们对朋友二元组的独特或特质性认知中的相似性，以及朋友之间对他人的独特一致性。
