Bursian A V, Dmitrieva L E
Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol. 1994 Mar-Apr;30(2):208-16.
In ontogenesis of rats, similar to many other animals, in the development of the spontaneous motor activity two qualitatively different stages are observed. The first one is characterized by periodic, mainly sensor-independent generalized motor excitation which at the second stage is substituted by stereotypic specialized motor programs (locomotion, grooming). Both stages exhibit similar age dynamics: the increase in the activity, its maximum and subsequent inhibition with a shift of the corresponding phases for about two weeks. This dynamics is mainly associated with heterochronous maturation of excitatory and inhibitory systems of regulation of the nervous activity. Change in the stages depends on changes of functional role of motor activity in ontogenesis from mainly morphogenetic one (and promotion of a necessary level of vegetative functions) to directional behavior. Inhibition at the first stage results in deep functional rearrangement in the central nervous system serving as a background for the onset of specialized behavioural activity. The development of the latter is also excessive, the subsequent inhibition being less deep and reversible.
在大鼠的个体发育过程中，与许多其他动物类似，在自发运动活动的发展过程中可观察到两个质的不同阶段。第一个阶段的特征是周期性的、主要与感觉无关的全身性运动兴奋，在第二阶段被刻板的专门运动程序（如行走、梳理毛发）所取代。两个阶段都表现出相似的年龄动态：活动增加、达到最大值，随后受到抑制，相应阶段大约会偏移两周。这种动态主要与神经活动调节的兴奋性和抑制性系统的异时成熟有关。阶段的变化取决于运动活动在个体发育中功能作用的变化，从主要的形态发生作用（以及促进必要水平的植物性功能）到定向行为。第一阶段的抑制导致中枢神经系统的深度功能重排，这是专门行为活动开始的背景。后者的发展也是过度的，随后的抑制则不太深且是可逆的。
