Blunt B A, Klauber M R, Barrett-Connor E L, Edelstein S L
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla.
J Bone Miner Res. 1994 Sep;9(9):1333-8. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.5650090903.
This cross-sectional population-based study examined the effect of age and sex on bone mineral density (BMD) in the elderly. BMD was measured at the spine and hip using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and at midshaft and ultradistal radius using single-photon absorptiometry in 672 men and 981 women aged 50-98 years. In both sexes, mean BMD levels decreased significantly with age at all sites except the male spine. In linear regression models, the slope of loss was significantly greater in women than in men at all sites except the ultradistal radius. The slope was steeper at most sites in women aged 50-59 years than in older women, 60-98 years. In both age groups, mean age-adjusted BMD levels were lower at all sites in women who were past or never users of replacement estrogen than in women who were current estrogen users. Current estrogen users generally had lower slopes of loss with age than never or past estrogen users; however, few of these differences were statistically significant. We conclude that BMD levels decrease in old age in both sexes. Continued bone loss in old age raises the possibility that intervention to retard further loss may still be warranted in the elderly.
这项基于人群的横断面研究考察了年龄和性别对老年人骨密度（BMD）的影响。对672名年龄在50 - 98岁的男性和981名年龄在50 - 98岁的女性，使用双能X线吸收法测量脊柱和髋部的骨密度，使用单光子吸收法测量桡骨骨干中部和远端的骨密度。在所有部位，除男性脊柱外，男女两性的平均骨密度水平均随年龄显著下降。在线性回归模型中，除桡骨远端外，在所有部位女性骨密度下降斜率均显著大于男性。50 - 59岁女性在大多数部位的斜率比60 - 98岁的老年女性更陡。在这两个年龄组中，过去或从未使用过替代雌激素的女性在所有部位的年龄调整后平均骨密度水平均低于目前使用雌激素的女性。目前使用雌激素的女性随年龄增长的骨密度下降斜率通常低于从未或过去使用过雌激素的女性；然而，这些差异中很少有具有统计学意义。我们得出结论，老年人中男女两性的骨密度水平均会下降。老年人持续的骨质流失增加了这样一种可能性，即对老年人进行干预以延缓进一步骨质流失可能仍然是必要的。
