Krueger J M, Majde J A
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1995 Feb;106(2):97-100. doi: 10.1159/000236827.
Infectious challenges induce sleep responses in the host characterized by an increase in non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) followed by a period of decreased NREMS. Such sleep responses represent one facet of the acute phase response and are thus probably beneficial to the host. Certain bacterial cell wall products such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan and viral double-stranded RNA also induce sleep responses. These microbial products share the ability to enhance cytokine production. Some cytokines such as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, interferon-alpha and acidic fibroblast growth factor are somnogenic. Cytokines in turn alter production of neuroendocrines and neurotransmitters, e.g., growth hormone releasing hormone and nitric oxide, which are known to be involved in sleep-wake regulation. Microbial-altered sleep thus likely involves an amplification of ongoing normal sleep regulatory mechanisms.
感染性挑战会在宿主体内引发睡眠反应，其特征是慢波睡眠（NREMS）增加，随后是一段时间的慢波睡眠减少。这种睡眠反应是急性期反应的一个方面，因此可能对宿主有益。某些细菌细胞壁产物，如脂多糖和肽聚糖以及病毒双链RNA也会引发睡眠反应。这些微生物产物具有增强细胞因子产生的能力。一些细胞因子，如白细胞介素-1、肿瘤坏死因子、α干扰素和酸性成纤维细胞生长因子具有促睡眠作用。细胞因子反过来又会改变神经内分泌和神经递质的产生，例如生长激素释放激素和一氧化氮，已知它们参与睡眠-觉醒调节。因此，微生物改变的睡眠可能涉及对正在进行的正常睡眠调节机制的放大。
