Berg A, Hansson U W, Hallberg I R
Care Research and Development Unit, University of Lund, Sweden.
J Adv Nurs. 1994 Oct;20(4):742-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1994.20040742.x.
The aim of this study was to study creativity and innovative climate, tedium and burnout among the nurses on two wards during 1 year of systematic clinic supervision combined with the implementation of individualized care on an experimental ward (EW) for severely demented patients, as compared with a similar control ward (CW). EW nurses had systematic clinic supervision and each patient had his/her nursing care carefully planned, documented and evaluated. The intervention was evaluated by means of the Creative Climate Questionnaire, Burnout Measure and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Creativity and innovative climate improved significantly among the EW nurses (n = 19) in eight out of 10 factors during the year of intervention while there was no change on the control ward (n = 20). Tedium and burnout decreased significantly among the EW nurses while no change was seen in this respect among the CW nurses. It seems reasonable to assume that systematic clinical supervision and individualized planned care decreases the negative outcome of stress caused by the psychological burden imposed by nursing care. It also increases nurses' creativity, which, in turn, may benefit patient care. The findings of this study point to the necessity for a support system that focuses on the work itself, i.e. the nursing care. Individualized planned care and systematic clinical supervision may offer this kind of support.
本研究的目的是，在为期1年的系统临床督导期间，对重度痴呆患者的一个实验病房（EW）实施个性化护理，并与一个类似的对照病房（CW）进行比较，研究两个病房护士的创造力和创新氛围、工作单调感和倦怠情况。EW病房的护士接受系统临床督导，且每位患者的护理都经过精心规划、记录和评估。通过创造性氛围问卷、倦怠测量量表和马氏倦怠量表对干预措施进行评估。在干预的这一年中，EW病房的19名护士在10个因素中的8个方面，创造力和创新氛围显著改善，而对照病房的20名护士则没有变化。EW病房护士的工作单调感和倦怠显著降低，而CW病房护士在这方面没有变化。可以合理推测，系统的临床督导和个性化的规划护理可减少护理工作心理负担所导致的压力负面后果。这还能提高护士的创造力，进而可能有益于患者护理。本研究结果表明，有必要建立一个关注工作本身即护理工作的支持系统。个性化的规划护理和系统的临床督导可能提供这种支持。
