Piérard D, de Meyer A, Lauwers S
Département de Microbiologie, Hôpital Académique, V. U. B., Bruxelles, Belgique.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1994 May;42(5):471-4.
MICs were performed on 62 streptococci isolated from the blood of neutropenic patients from 1986 to 1992 using the NCCLS broth microdilution procedure. Species isolated were 43 S. mitis, 6 S.pneumoniae, 5 S.sanguis, 1 S.pyogenes, 1 beta-hemolytic streptococcus of the group G, 1 S.adjacens, 1 S.intermedius, 4 not identified isolates (2 alpha-hemolytic, 1 non-hemolytic and 1 nutritionally variant strains). 26% of all strains were resistant or intermediate to penicillin (MIC 90: 2 mg/l) and 89% to norfloxacine (MIC 90: 32 mg/l). All were susceptible to vancomycin. Among cephalosporins, all strains were susceptible to cefotaxime (MIC 90: 1 mg/l), ceftriaxone (MIC 90: 1 mg/l) and cefepime (MIC 90: 2 mg/l) while 19% were R or I to ceftazidime (MIC 90: 16 mg/l). All were susceptible to imipenem (MIC 90: 0.5 mg/l) and meropenem (MIC 90: 1 mg/l). Among the third generation cephalosporins, ceftazidime--the agent of this class of antibiotics that is most often used for the empirical therapy of febrile episodes in neutropenic patients (in combination but also in monotherapy)--has a high resistance rate as compared to the other compounds.
1986年至1992年期间,采用美国国家临床实验室标准委员会(NCCLS)肉汤微量稀释法,对从粒细胞缺乏患者血液中分离出的62株链球菌进行了最低抑菌浓度(MIC)检测。分离出的菌种包括43株缓症链球菌、6株肺炎链球菌、5株血链球菌、1株化脓性链球菌、1株G群β溶血性链球菌、1株毗邻链球菌、1株中间型链球菌、4株未鉴定菌株(2株α溶血性、1株非溶血性和1株营养变异菌株)。所有菌株中,26%对青霉素耐药或中介(MIC90:2mg/L),89%对诺氟沙星耐药(MIC90:32mg/L)。所有菌株对万古霉素敏感。在头孢菌素中,所有菌株对头孢噻肟(MIC90:1mg/L)、头孢曲松(MIC90:1mg/L)和头孢吡肟(MIC90:2mg/L)敏感,而19%对头孢他啶耐药或中介(MIC90:16mg/L)。所有菌株对亚胺培南(MIC90:0.5mg/L)和美罗培南(MIC90:1mg/L)敏感。在第三代头孢菌素中,头孢他啶(这类抗生素中最常用于粒细胞缺乏患者发热性发作经验性治疗的药物,可联合使用或单药治疗)与其他化合物相比,耐药率较高。