Abir R, Ornoy A, Ben Hur H, Jaffe P, Pinus H
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
Am J Reprod Immunol. 1994 Sep;32(2):73-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.1994.tb01096.x.
Spontaneous abortions occur in 40 to 50% of pregnancies, but the causes for some abortions, especially those that are recurrent (spontaneous), are still unknown.
Following previous studies that demonstrated embryotoxic effects of sera from women with spontaneous abortions in preimplantation mouse embryos, we cultured 10.5-day-old rat embryos in sera from women after spontaneous abortions to look for specific teratogenic effects.
About 50% of the embryos cultured in sera from women after spontaneous abortions were malformed, as compared to 19.1 and 27.1% malformations in embryos cultured in sera from women after a normal delivery and during a normal second trimester of pregnancy, respectively. We divided the sera from women who had spontaneous abortions into high-risk, and low-risk sera. In the high-risk sera from one abortion, we found 74.2% malformed embryos and in the high-risk group from two or more abortions this rate was 81.0%. This is compared to a rate of 17.1 and 10.3% in the low-risk sera, respectively. We have also found lower DNA and protein synthesis in the embryos cultured in high-risk sera compared to those cultured in low-risk and control sera. Transmission electron microscopy examination of yolk sacs cultured in high risk sera showed ultrastructural damage as represented by a lower number of microvilli and a higher number of inclusions in the entodermal cells when compared to controls. Amino acid chromatography of the serum and the concentrations of folic acid and zinc were similar in control and high-risk sera.
It seems that the majority of sera from women with unexplained spontaneous abortions are teratogenic to rat embryos in culture. In about two-thirds of these sera the teratogenic factor(s) seem to be present in the IgG fraction.
自然流产在40%至50%的妊娠中发生，但某些流产的原因，尤其是那些复发性（自然）流产的原因，仍然未知。
先前的研究表明，自然流产女性的血清对植入前小鼠胚胎具有胚胎毒性作用，在此基础上，我们将10.5日龄的大鼠胚胎培养于自然流产女性的血清中，以寻找特定的致畸作用。
与分别培养于正常分娩女性血清和正常妊娠中期女性血清中的胚胎相比，培养于自然流产女性血清中的胚胎约50%出现畸形，前者的畸形率分别为19.1%和27.1%。我们将自然流产女性的血清分为高危血清和低危血清。在一次流产的高危血清中，我们发现74.2%的胚胎畸形，在两次或更多次流产的高危组中，这一比例为81.0%。相比之下，低危血清中的畸形率分别为17.1%和10.3%。我们还发现，与培养于低危血清和对照血清中的胚胎相比，培养于高危血清中的胚胎DNA和蛋白质合成较低。对培养于高危血清中的卵黄囊进行透射电子显微镜检查显示，与对照组相比，内胚层细胞的微绒毛数量减少，内含物数量增加，表现为超微结构损伤。对照血清和高危血清中血清的氨基酸色谱分析以及叶酸和锌的浓度相似。
似乎大多数不明原因自然流产女性的血清对培养中的大鼠胚胎具有致畸性。在大约三分之二的这些血清中，致畸因子似乎存在于IgG组分中。
