Yannas I V
Fibers and Polymers Laboratory, Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.
J Cell Biochem. 1994 Oct;56(2):188-91. doi: 10.1002/jcb.240560212.
The loss of tissue mass in humans has been conventionally treated as an irreversible change. Treatments have emphasized replacement of the missing function by use of a transplant, an autograft, tissue synthesized in vitro or, most commonly, by use of engineering devices based on biomaterials. During the last few years solid progress has been made in the area of tissue and organ regeneration. This new approach is based on the discovery that certain simple chemical analogs of extracellular matrices synthesized by graft copolymerization of a glycosaminoglycan onto type I collagen can induce synthesis of physiologic tissue in lesions which otherwise heal spontaneously by synthesis of scar tissue. This approach offers serious potential advantages over the alternatives listed above since the graft "grows out" of host tissue. However, regeneration in the adult mammal has been successfully demonstrated so far only in skin (human, guinea pig), sciatic nerve (rat) and the knee meniscus (dog).
人体组织质量的损失传统上被视为一种不可逆的变化。治疗方法一直侧重于通过移植、自体移植、体外合成组织，或者最常见的是使用基于生物材料的工程装置来替代缺失的功能。在过去几年里，组织和器官再生领域取得了坚实的进展。这种新方法基于一项发现，即通过将糖胺聚糖接枝共聚到I型胶原上合成的某些简单细胞外基质化学类似物，能够在原本通过瘢痕组织合成而自发愈合的损伤部位诱导生理组织的合成。与上述其他方法相比，这种方法具有显著的潜在优势，因为移植组织是从宿主组织中“生长出来”的。然而，到目前为止，成年哺乳动物体内的再生仅在皮肤（人类、豚鼠）、坐骨神经（大鼠）和膝关节半月板（狗）中成功得到证实。
