Guallar E, Hennekens C H, Sacks F M, Willett W C, Stampfer M J
Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995 Feb;25(2):387-94. doi: 10.1016/0735-1097(94)00370-6.
This study evaluated whether increased intake of fish oils (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) might reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.
Observational and clinical studies have suggested that increased intake of fish oils, as reflected in plasma levels of fish oils, may reduce the risk of myocardial infarction.
A nested case-control study was conducted among the 14,916 participants in the Physicians' Health Study with a sample of plasma before randomization. Each participant with myocardial infarction occurring during the first 5 years of follow-up was matched by smoking status and age with a randomly chosen control participant who had not developed coronary heart disease.
Mean levels of fish oils (with 95% confidence interval [CI] for paired differences and p values) in case and control participants, expressed as percent of total fatty acids, were, for eicosapentaenoic acid, 0.26 versus 0.25 (95% CI -0.03 to 0.05, p = 0.70) in cholesterol esters and 0.56 versus 0.54 (95% CI -0.04 to 0.09, p = 0.44) in phospholipids, and for docosahexaenoic acid, 0.23 versus 0.24 (95% CI -0.07 to 0.04, p = 0.64) in cholesterol esters and 2.22 versus 2.14 (95% CI -0.10 to 0.27, p = 0.36) in phospholipids. Results adjusted for major cardiovascular risk factors showed a very similar lack of association between fish oil levels and the incidence of myocardial infarction.
These results indicate no beneficial effect of increased fish oil consumption on the incidence of a first myocardial infarction. However, the effect of very high levels of fish oils could not be evaluated.
本研究评估增加鱼油（二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸）摄入量是否可能降低冠心病风险。
观察性和临床研究表明，如血浆中鱼油水平所反映的那样，增加鱼油摄入量可能降低心肌梗死风险。
在医师健康研究的14916名参与者中进行了一项巢式病例对照研究，随机分组前采集了血浆样本。对随访的前5年内发生心肌梗死的每位参与者，根据吸烟状况和年龄与随机选择的未患冠心病的对照参与者进行匹配。
病例组和对照组参与者中，以总脂肪酸百分比表示的鱼油平均水平（配对差异的95%置信区间[CI]和p值），对于二十碳五烯酸，胆固醇酯中分别为0.26与0.25（95%CI -0.03至0.05，p = 0.70），磷脂中分别为0.56与0.54（95%CI -0.04至0.09，p = 0.44）；对于二十二碳六烯酸，胆固醇酯中分别为0.23与0.24（95%CI -0.07至0.04，p = 0.64），磷脂中分别为2.22与2.14（95%CI -0.10至0.27，p = 0.36）。对主要心血管危险因素进行调整后的结果显示，鱼油水平与心肌梗死发病率之间同样缺乏关联。
这些结果表明，增加鱼油摄入量对首次心肌梗死的发病率没有有益影响。然而，无法评估极高剂量鱼油的作用。
