Gatts J D, Wallace D H, Glasscock G F, McKee E, Cohen R S
Department of Pediatrics, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, Calif. 95128.
J Perinatol. 1994 Sep-Oct;14(5):422-7.
Premature infants with birth weights from 1121 to 2000 gm were assigned randomly to two groups. Experimental group infants were placed on a microprocessor-controlled cradle that provided levels of motion and sound analogous to those of the third-trimester intrauterine environment. Periods of motion totaling 50% of the time were randomized on and off; motion speed was reduced 35% during a 12-hour night period. A uterine souffle sound was generated continuously but varied in pulse rate and volume with the motion and speed of the bed. Experimental group infants (n = 20) were placed on the cradle under a radiant warmer as soon as their condition was stable clinically. Control group infants (n = 18) were usually placed initially under a radiant warmer and transferred to an incubator when their condition was stable. Otherwise, both groups received standard newborn intensive care unit care. The mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter for experimental group infants than for control group infants after controlling for gestational age and weight on entry to the study. Experimental group infants began nippling earlier and stopped requiring gavage feedings sooner. Experimental group infants had a decreased incidence of apnea. Blinded Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale scores for the Orientation and Range of State cluster scales were significantly better for experimental group infants. A retrospective contrast group of preterm infants who met study criteria had an average length of stay similar to that of the control group infants. These data support the hypothesis that appropriate levels and kinds of stimulation may facilitate the maturation of preterm infants.
出生体重在1121克至2000克之间的早产儿被随机分为两组。实验组的婴儿被放置在一个微处理器控制的摇篮中，该摇篮提供的运动和声音水平类似于孕晚期子宫内环境。运动时间总计占50%，随机开启和关闭；在12小时的夜间时段，运动速度降低35%。持续产生子宫杂音，但脉搏率和音量随床的运动和速度而变化。实验组婴儿（n = 20）临床状况一稳定，就被放在辐射保暖器下的摇篮中。对照组婴儿（n = 18）通常最初放在辐射保暖器下，病情稳定后转移到保温箱中。否则，两组均接受标准的新生儿重症监护病房护理。在控制了研究入组时的胎龄和体重后，实验组婴儿的平均住院时间明显短于对照组婴儿。实验组婴儿更早开始用奶瓶喂养，更快停止需要鼻饲喂养。实验组婴儿呼吸暂停的发生率降低。实验组婴儿在定向和状态范围集群量表上的盲法布雷泽尔顿新生儿行为评估量表得分明显更好。一组符合研究标准的早产回顾性对比组婴儿的平均住院时间与对照组婴儿相似。这些数据支持这样的假设，即适当水平和类型的刺激可能促进早产儿的成熟。
