Motivational subtypes in an inpatient sample of substance abusers.

Motivational subgroups in a sample of inpatient substance abusers were identified to facilitate future development of treatment interventions aimed at enhancing compliance and involvement. The modified Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scales from 165 subjects were subject to factor and cluster analyses. Results suggest the instrument assesses three dimensions: determination, action, and contemplation. Using these dimensions, three subgroups were identified: Uninvolved, Ambivalent, and Active. There were no differences on demographic or background variables or Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2) profiles. The Uninvolved group scored significantly lower than the other two groups on measures of alcohol use and abuse. The Ambivalent and Active groups did not differ on any of the measures of alcohol use and abuse. The Ambivalent group demonstrated a high level of conflict and inaction. The Active group appeared to be aware of their dependence and were ready to change their behavior. The results have implications for treatment matching and enhancing treatment motivation.