Gil Sánchez M D, Rodríguez J J, Márquez Báez M A, Lorenzo Rocha N, Ortega Lles B, Alarcó Hernández A, González Hermoso F
Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (Tenerife), España.
Nutr Hosp. 1994 Nov-Dec;9(6):375-84.
Bacterial translocation, described by 1979 by Berg and Garlington as the movement of viable bacteria through anatomically intact intestinal mucosa to the mesenteric ganglia, is suspected of playing an important role in the development of sepsis with no apparent focus, fundamentally in polytraumatized and sever surgical patients: even now, with the wide range of antibiotic and chemotherapy agents available for treatment, this sepsis represents a high rate of hospital morbid-mortality. To assess the function as barrier of the intestinal mucosa and the influence of dietary fiber thereon, we studied bacterial translocation measured as positive cultures of the mesenteric lymphatic ganglia in an experiment model of enterocolitis induced by the intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg of Methotrexate (MTX), using 72 male S-D rats, half of which were used as control group. These animals were sub-divided into four series according to the diet they were to receive. In addition to bacterial translocation, we examined the intestinal mucous parameters (mucosa weight, protein and DNA content, and number of mitoses) to quantify the potential trophic effect of dietary fiber on the intestinal mucosa. In the group subject to enterocolitis, there were no significant differences in the bacterial translocation with the series fed with defined-formula diets supplemented or otherwise with dietary fiber. Only the series receiving standard feed showed a significant reduction of bacterial translocation. pectin improved all mucous parameters when compared with the other diets studied. In the control group, the bacterial translocation rate was zero in all dietary series.
1979年，伯格和加林顿将细菌移位描述为活细菌通过解剖结构完整的肠黏膜移动至肠系膜神经节，人们怀疑细菌移位在无明显感染源的脓毒症发展过程中起重要作用，在多发伤和重症外科患者中更是如此。即便现在有多种抗生素和化疗药物可用于治疗，但这种脓毒症的医院病死率仍很高。为评估肠黏膜的屏障功能以及膳食纤维对其的影响，我们在一个实验模型中进行了研究，该模型通过腹腔注射20毫克/千克甲氨蝶呤（MTX）诱导大鼠发生小肠结肠炎，使用了72只雄性S-D大鼠，其中一半作为对照组。这些动物根据所接受的饮食被分为四组。除了细菌移位，我们还检测了肠道黏液参数（黏膜重量、蛋白质和DNA含量以及有丝分裂数量），以量化膳食纤维对肠黏膜的潜在营养作用。在发生小肠结肠炎的组中，喂食添加或未添加膳食纤维的特定配方饮食的几组之间，细菌移位没有显著差异。只有接受标准饲料的组细菌移位显著减少。与其他所研究的饮食相比，果胶改善了所有黏液参数。在对照组中，所有饮食组的细菌移位率均为零。
