Barber A E, Jones W G, Minei J P, Fahey T J, Moldawer L L, Rayburn J L, Fischer E, Keogh C V, Shires G T, Lowry S F
Department of Surgery, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York.
JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1990 Jul-Aug;14(4):335-43. doi: 10.1177/0148607190014004335.
Despite provision of adequate calories, defined formula diets in rats lead to bacterial translocation (BT), fatty infiltration of the liver, and an increased susceptibility to endotoxin. These deleterious effects may be due in part to a loss of intestinal barrier integrity resulting from bowel atrophy. Defined formula diets lack both glutamine and fiber, substances which may help maintain intestinal mass. To determine whether supplementation of defined formula diets with either glutamine or fiber might prevent bowel atrophy and, thus, BT, hepatic steatosis, and the altered response to endotoxin, Wistar rats were fed (1) defined formula diet ad libitum (DFD), (2) (DFD + 2% (w/v) glutamine, (GLUT), or (3) DFD + 2% (w/v) psyllium (FIBER). Rats given standard food isocalorically pair-fed to DFD were used as controls. Nutritional status was assessed by daily weight gain, as well as the ability to maintain serum albumin, hematocrit and white blood counts. After 2 weeks of these feeding regimens, animals were sacrificed, and organ weights and composition were determined, with rates of bacterial translocation determined by mesenteric lymph node, abdominal viscera, and cecal cultures. Additional animals receiving the same experimental diets were subsequently challenged with endotoxin and observed for mortality with rates of post-endotoxin BT and the responses of acute phase proteins and cytokines measured. All dietary regimens resulted in equivalent weight gain and other nutritional parameters. Both glutamine and fiber supplementation maintained small bowel mass, but only GLUT preserved normal jejunal mucosal architecture. Neither fiber nor glutamine supplementation prevented cecal bacterial overgrowth or BT, resulting from the DFD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
尽管提供了充足的热量，但给大鼠喂食特定配方饮食会导致细菌移位（BT）、肝脏脂肪浸润以及对内毒素的易感性增加。这些有害影响可能部分归因于肠道萎缩导致的肠屏障完整性丧失。特定配方饮食缺乏谷氨酰胺和纤维，而这些物质可能有助于维持肠道质量。为了确定在特定配方饮食中补充谷氨酰胺或纤维是否可以预防肠道萎缩，进而预防细菌移位、肝脂肪变性以及对内毒素反应的改变，将Wistar大鼠分为三组喂食：（1）随意进食特定配方饮食（DFD）；（2）（DFD + 2%（w/v）谷氨酰胺，（GLUT）；或（3）DFD + 2%（w/v）车前子（FIBER）。将与DFD等热量配对喂食标准食物的大鼠用作对照。通过每日体重增加以及维持血清白蛋白、血细胞比容和白细胞计数的能力来评估营养状况。在这些喂养方案实施2周后，处死动物，测定器官重量和组成，通过肠系膜淋巴结、腹腔脏器和盲肠培养物确定细菌移位率。随后，给接受相同实验饮食的其他动物注射内毒素，并观察死亡率，同时测定内毒素注射后的细菌移位率以及急性期蛋白和细胞因子的反应。所有饮食方案导致的体重增加和其他营养参数相当。补充谷氨酰胺和纤维均能维持小肠质量，但只有GLUT能保持空肠黏膜结构正常。补充纤维和谷氨酰胺均不能预防DFD导致的盲肠细菌过度生长或细菌移位。（摘要截断于250字）
