Wachsmuth E, Oram M W, Perrett D I
School of Psychology, St Andrews University, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Cereb Cortex. 1994 Sep-Oct;4(5):509-22. doi: 10.1093/cercor/4.5.509.
We investigated the role that different component parts play in the neural encoding of the visual appearance of one complex object in the temporal cortex. Cells responsive to the sight of the entire human body (but no to control stimuli) were tested with two subregions (head alone with the body occluded from sight and the body alone with the head occluded). Forty-two percent (22 of 53) of cells responded to the whole body and to one of the two body regions tested separately: 72% (17 of 22) responding to the head and 28% (5 of 22) to the rest of the body. Forty-two percent (22 of 53) of cells responded independently to both regions of the body when tested in isolation. The remaining cells (17%, 9 of 53) were selective for the entire body and unresponsive to component parts. The majority of cells tested (90%, 35 of 39) were selective for perspective view (e.g., some cells respond optimally to the side view of the body, others to the back view). Comparable levels of view sensitivity were found for responses to the whole body and its parts. Results indicate (1) separate neuronal analysis of body parts and (2) extensive integration of information from different parts. Contrary to influential models of object recognition (Marr and Nishihara, 1978; Biederman, 1987), the results indicate view-specific processing both for the appearance of separate object components and for integration of information across components.
我们研究了不同组成部分在颞叶皮质中对一个复杂物体视觉外观进行神经编码时所起的作用。用两个子区域（单独呈现头部，身体被遮挡；单独呈现身体，头部被遮挡）对那些对整个人体视觉呈现（但对对照刺激无反应）的细胞进行测试。53个细胞中有42%（22个）对整个身体以及单独测试的两个身体区域之一有反应：72%（22个中的17个）对头部有反应，28%（22个中的5个）对身体其他部分有反应。当单独测试时，53个细胞中有42%（22个）对身体的两个区域都有独立反应。其余细胞（17%，53个中的9个）对整个身体具有选择性，对组成部分无反应。所测试的大多数细胞（90%，39个中的35个）对视角具有选择性（例如，一些细胞对身体的侧视图反应最佳，另一些对后视图反应最佳）。对整个身体及其各部分的反应发现了相当水平的视角敏感性。结果表明：（1）对身体各部分进行独立的神经元分析；（2）对来自不同部分的信息进行广泛整合。与有影响力的物体识别模型（Marr和Nishihara，1978年；Biederman，1987年）相反，结果表明，对于单独物体组成部分的外观以及跨组成部分的信息整合，都存在视角特异性处理。
