Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Section on Neurocircuitry, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2021 Feb;25(2):100-110. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2020.11.006. Epub 2020 Dec 14.
Existing models propose that primate visual cortex is divided into two functionally distinct pathways. The ventral pathway computes the identity of an object; the dorsal pathway computes the location of an object, and the actions related to that object. Despite remaining influential, the two visual pathways model requires revision. Both human and non-human primate studies reveal the existence of a third visual pathway on the lateral brain surface. This third pathway projects from early visual cortex, via motion-selective areas, into the superior temporal sulcus (STS). Studies demonstrating that the STS computes the actions of moving faces and bodies (e.g., expressions, eye-gaze, audio-visual integration, intention, and mood) show that the third visual pathway is specialized for the dynamic aspects of social perception.
现有的模型提出，灵长类动物的视觉皮层分为两个功能截然不同的通路。腹侧通路计算物体的身份；背侧通路计算物体的位置以及与该物体相关的动作。尽管这两个视觉通路模型仍然具有影响力，但它们需要修改。人类和非人类灵长类动物的研究都揭示了在外侧脑表面存在第三条视觉通路。这条第三条通路从早期视觉皮层投射过来，通过运动选择性区域，进入颞上沟（STS）。研究表明，STS 计算移动面部和身体的动作（例如，表情、目光注视、视听整合、意图和情绪）表明，第三条视觉通路专门用于社会感知的动态方面。
