Killen J D, Taylor C B, Hayward C, Wilson D M, Haydel K F, Hammer L D, Simmonds B, Robinson T N, Litt I, Varady A
Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304.
Int J Eat Disord. 1994 Nov;16(3):227-38. doi: 10.1002/1098-108x(199411)16:3<227::aid-eat2260160303>3.0.co;2-l.
Community-based prospective studies are needed to shed light on mechanisms that may influence development of eating disorders and identify variables that could serve as potential targets for prevention efforts. In this paper we examine level of weight preoccupation and other variables prospectively associated with age of onset of eating disorder symptoms over a 3-year interval in a community sample (N = 939) of young adolescent girls. 3.6% (32/887) experienced onset of symptoms over the interval. Only one factor, a measure of Weight Concerns, was significantly associated with onset (p < .001). Girls scoring in the highest quartile on the measure of Weight Concerns had the shortest survival time (12% incidence by age 14.5) and those scoring in the lowest quartile had the highest survival time (2% incidence by age 14.5; p < .001). This finding is consistent with both theoretical and clinical perspectives and represents one of the first prospective demonstrations of a linkage between weight and body shape concerns and later onset of eating disorder symptoms. An understanding of the independent variables that predispose girls to development of symptoms is a useful step towards the establishment of a rational basis for the choice of a prevention intervention target.
需要开展基于社区的前瞻性研究，以阐明可能影响饮食失调发展的机制，并确定可作为预防工作潜在目标的变量。在本文中，我们对一个年轻少女社区样本（N = 939）在3年时间内饮食失调症状发病年龄的体重先占水平及其他前瞻性相关变量进行了研究。在此期间，3.6%（32/887）的人出现了症状发作。只有一个因素，即体重担忧量表，与症状发作显著相关（p < .001）。在体重担忧量表得分处于最高四分位数的女孩生存时间最短（到14.5岁时发病率为12%），而得分处于最低四分位数的女孩生存时间最长（到14.5岁时发病率为2%；p < .001）。这一发现与理论和临床观点均相符，是体重和体型担忧与饮食失调症状较晚发作之间联系的首批前瞻性证据之一。了解使女孩易出现症状的独立变量，是朝着为选择预防干预目标建立合理依据迈出的有益一步。
