Quigley J D, Martin K R, Bemis D A, Potgieter L N, Reinemeyer C R, Rohrbach B W, Dowlen H H, Lamar K C
Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37901-1071.
J Dairy Sci. 1994 Oct;77(10):3124-31. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77255-6.
Neonatal Jersey calves (n = 96) were used to evaluate effects of housing (individual hutches or wooden pens in a barn) and colostrum feeding (calves were separated from the dam and fed 2 L of colostrum in nipple-bottles or allowed to nurse the dam for 3 d) on the prevalence of selected organisms in feces. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Eimeria were reduced, and prevalence of rotavirus tended to be reduced, when calves were housed in hutches. Prevalence of coronavirus was unaffected by treatment. Weekly prevalence of Giardia was increased when calves were left to nurse the dam for 3 d. Mean prevalence of Cryptosporidia (wk 1 to 4), Eimeria (wk 4 to 5), Giardia, rotavirus, and coronavirus (wk 1 to 5) were 34.7, 20.6, 27.1, 15.8, and 4.9%, respectively. Escherichia coli (K99 positive) were observed in 3 of 174 samples cultured. Methods of housing and colostrum feeding affected acquisition of enteropathogens in this study.
选用96头新泽西新生犊牛来评估饲养方式（个体畜栏或牛舍中的木制围栏）和初乳喂养方式（犊牛与母牛分开，用奶瓶喂2升初乳，或让其随母牛哺乳3天）对粪便中特定微生物流行率的影响。当犊牛饲养在畜栏中时，隐孢子虫和艾美球虫的流行率降低，轮状病毒的流行率也有降低趋势。冠状病毒的流行率不受处理方式的影响。当犊牛随母牛哺乳3天时，贾第虫的每周流行率增加。隐孢子虫（第1至4周）、艾美球虫（第4至5周）、贾第虫、轮状病毒和冠状病毒（第1至5周）的平均流行率分别为34.7%、20.6%、27.1%、15.8%和4.9%。在174份培养样本中，有3份检测出大肠杆菌（K99阳性）。本研究中，饲养方式和初乳喂养方式影响肠道病原体的感染情况。
