Molina S, Vettorazzi C, Peerson J M, Solomons N W, Brown K H
Center for Studies of Sensory Impairment, Aging, and Metabolism (CeSSIAM), Research Branch for the National Committee for the Blind and Deaf, Guatemala City, Guatemala, Central America.
Pediatrics. 1995 Feb;95(2):191-7.
To assess the effects of glucose (G)-oral rehydration solution (ORS), rice dextrin (RD)-ORS, and rice flour (RF)-ORS on fluid intake, rapidity of rehydration, and stool output of children with acute diarrhea and mild or moderate dehydration.
The study was a randomized, double-masked clinical trial. One hundred forty-six male infants, ages 3 to 36 months, were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. Clinical evaluations and fluid balances were conducted every 2 to 4 hours for 48 hours. Principal outcome variables were ORS consumption, recovery of hydration status, and fecal output.
The groups were similar at admission with regard to age, nutritional status, history of the current episode, and clinical status. There were no differences in ORS consumption by treatment group during any period of study. During the first 6-hour period, patients in group RF had less stool output (16 +/- 14 g/kg/body weight) than those in group G (22 +/- 20 g/kg) or RD (21 +/- 19 g/kg; P < .05). After 12 hours of hospitalization, there were no differences by treatment group. Recovery of hydration status, changes in serum sodium and potassium, and duration of diarrhea in the hospital were similar in all three groups.
There was a 24% to 27% reduction in stool output during the first 6 hours of treatment among children who received RF-ORS compared with those who received G-ORS or RD-ORS, but this effect did not persist after the first 12 hours of therapy. Because this difference was of small magnitude and limited duration, it has minor clinical importance. Thus, we conclude that the three solutions had similar efficacy for children with acute, watery diarrhea and mild or moderate dehydration.
评估葡萄糖（G）口服补液盐（ORS）、大米糊精（RD）口服补液盐和米粉（RF）口服补液盐对急性腹泻且伴有轻度或中度脱水儿童的液体摄入量、补液速度及粪便排出量的影响。
本研究为一项随机、双盲临床试验。146名年龄在3至36个月的男婴被随机分配至三个治疗组之一。在48小时内，每2至4小时进行一次临床评估和液体平衡评估。主要结局变量为口服补液盐消耗量、水合状态恢复情况及粪便排出量。
入院时，三组在年龄、营养状况、本次发病史及临床状态方面相似。在研究的任何时间段内，各治疗组的口服补液盐消耗量均无差异。在最初6小时内，RF组患者的粪便排出量（16±14克/千克体重）低于G组（22±20克/千克）或RD组（21±19克/千克；P<.05）。住院12小时后，各治疗组之间无差异。三组的水合状态恢复情况、血清钠和钾的变化以及住院期间腹泻持续时间相似。
与接受G-ORS或RD-ORS的儿童相比，接受RF-ORS的儿童在治疗的最初6小时内粪便排出量减少了24%至27%，但这种效果在治疗12小时后并未持续。由于这种差异幅度小且持续时间有限，其临床重要性较小。因此，我们得出结论，这三种溶液对急性水样腹泻且伴有轻度或中度脱水的儿童具有相似的疗效。
