Székely A D, Boxer M I, Stewart M G, Csillag A
First Department of Anatomy, Semmelweis University of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
J Comp Neurol. 1994 Oct 15;348(3):374-93. doi: 10.1002/cne.903480305.
In 1-week-old domestic chicks, the connectivity of the lobus parolfactorius (LPO), part of the avian basal ganglia, was investigated using Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin and horseradish peroxidase for anterograde and retrograde pathway tracing, respectively. Tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistry was applied in combination with Phaseolus lectin to assess the overlap between LPO efferents and diencephalic and mesencephalic catecholamine centres. Anterograde projections from LPO were detected in the hyperstriatum, neostriatum, and paleostriatum. Intranuclear connections were also apparent within the LPO. Descending LPO efferents innervated the lateral mammillary and intramedial nuclei and the dorsomedial thalamic complex. Fibres from LPO were observed in the tectal gray, substantia nigra, area ventralis tegmentalis of Tsai, and the adjacent nucleus mesencephalicus profundus. Further caudally, projections from LPO reached the nucleus papillioformis, locus coeruleus, and subcoeruleus ventralis. LPO efferents were coextensive with tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells in the nuclei mamillaris lateralis and intramedialis of the hypothalamus, area ventralis tegmentalis, substantia nigra, locus coeruleus, and subcoeruleus ventralis of mesencephalic and pontine tegmentum. Close contacts between LPO fibres and catecholamine cells were visible in the nigra and the area ventralis tegmentalis. Retrograde labelling from LPO was found in the archistriatum, dorsomedial thalamic complex, nuclei lateralis anterior and superficialis parvicellularis thalami, substantia nigra, central gray, area ventralis tegmentalis of Tsai, and locus coeruleus and in cells dorsal to the decussation of brachium conjunctivum. Reciprocal connections were verified between the LPO and the following areas: dorsomedial thalamic complex, central gray, substantia nigra, area ventralis of Tsai, and locus coeruleus.
在1周龄的家鸡中，分别使用菜豆白细胞凝集素和辣根过氧化物酶进行顺行和逆行通路追踪，研究了鸟类基底神经节的嗅觉旁叶（LPO）的连接性。酪氨酸羟化酶免疫细胞化学与菜豆凝集素联合应用，以评估LPO传出纤维与间脑和中脑儿茶酚胺中心之间的重叠。在hyperstriatum、新纹状体和旧纹状体中检测到来自LPO的顺行投射。LPO内部的核内连接也很明显。下行的LPO传出纤维支配外侧乳头核和内侧核以及背内侧丘脑复合体。在顶盖灰质、黑质、蔡氏腹侧被盖区和相邻的中脑深核中观察到来自LPO的纤维。再向尾侧，来自LPO的投射到达乳头iformis核、蓝斑和腹侧蓝斑下核。LPO传出纤维与下丘脑外侧乳头核和内侧核、腹侧被盖区、黑质、蓝斑以及中脑和脑桥被盖腹侧蓝斑下核中的酪氨酸羟化酶阳性细胞共延。在黑质和腹侧被盖区可见LPO纤维与儿茶酚胺细胞之间的紧密接触。在古纹状体、背内侧丘脑复合体、丘脑前外侧核和小细胞浅表核、黑质、中央灰质、蔡氏腹侧被盖区、蓝斑以及结合臂交叉背侧的细胞中发现了来自LPO的逆行标记。证实了LPO与以下区域之间存在相互连接：背内侧丘脑复合体、中央灰质、黑质、蔡氏腹侧区和蓝斑。
