Montgomery R W, Ayllon T
Auburn University.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 1994 Sep;25(3):217-30. doi: 10.1016/0005-7916(94)90022-1.
Eye movement desensitization (EMD) was investigated in an experimental multiple baseline across subjects design. Six subjects who met the diagnostic criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) were included in the study. While the EMD technique advanced by Shapiro has been reported to be clinically effective, major methodological issues have been raised which remain to be addressed. One issue raised is whether exposure to the traumatic image is sufficient to account for the reported clinical effects of EMD or whether the addition of saccadic eye movements is central to the treatment. This study attempted to address this concern by comparing two EMD-based procedures: a Non-saccade phase (without the saccadic eye movements) which functioned as a control and a second that included saccadic eye movements. Dependent variables included self-report information (SUDs, behavioral symptoms reports) and physiological data (heart rate and systolic blood pressure). The results showed no significant decreases in SUDs level with the EMD minus the saccadic eye movements procedure. However, five of the six subjects reported clinically significant decreases in their SUDs levels with the inclusion of the saccadic eye movements. This study appears to corroborate previous work employing single-case design as well as pre and postcomparisons.
在一项针对受试者的实验性多基线设计中，对眼动脱敏（EMD）进行了研究。该研究纳入了6名符合创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）诊断标准的受试者。虽然据报道，夏皮罗提出的眼动脱敏技术在临床上是有效的，但也出现了一些主要的方法学问题，仍有待解决。其中一个问题是，暴露于创伤性图像是否足以解释眼动脱敏所报告的临床效果，或者眼球快速跳动的添加是否是治疗的关键。本研究试图通过比较两种基于眼动脱敏的程序来解决这一问题：一种是作为对照的非眼球快速跳动阶段（无眼球快速跳动），另一种是包括眼球快速跳动的阶段。因变量包括自我报告信息（主观痛苦量表、行为症状报告）和生理数据（心率和收缩压）。结果显示，在眼动脱敏减去眼球快速跳动的程序中，主观痛苦量表水平没有显著下降。然而，6名受试者中有5名报告称，在加入眼球快速跳动后，他们的主观痛苦量表水平在临床上有显著下降。本研究似乎证实了先前采用单病例设计以及前后比较的研究结果。
