Pongprapai S, Mo-suwan L, Leelasamran W
Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1994 Jun;25(2):354-60.
259 primary school children (average age 9.2 years) were randomly selected from three groups of children whose weights-for-height were 90-110% (normal 111), > 110-120% (over weight 25), and > 120% (obesity 123) of reference values for Bangkok children. They underwent physical fitness tests which included measurement of speed (50 meters run), flexibility (sit-reach), abdominal strength and endurance (30 seconds sit-up), vital capacity (spirometer), and indirect maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max-submaximal bicycle ergometer). The results showed that all physical fitness tests were statistically significantly different (p < 0.05) between groups, except for flexibility in boys. But for the girls, only 50 meters run, sit-up and VO2 max showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). In the comparison of physical fitness tests between sexes, normal weight boys did better than girls (p < 0.05) for all tests except flexibility. There were no statistically significant differences between sexes in overweight and obese children. This study demonstrated that physical fitness of obese children was worse than that of normal children in both sexes, especially as measured by 50 meters run, sit-up and VO2 max tests. Thus, promotion of exercise in obese children should be stimulated to develop better physical fitness and weight reduction. In comparison of physical fitness between the sexes, boys had better physical fitness than girls, significant in the normal weight group only. There is no definite explanation as to why increase in weight results in no difference of physical fitness between sexes. Lifestyle, physical skills, and genetic determinants should be considered for interpretation of physical fitness.
从三组儿童中随机选取了259名小学生（平均年龄9.2岁），这三组儿童的身高体重比分别为曼谷儿童参考值的90 - 110%（正常组111人）、> 110 - 120%（超重组25人）和> 120%（肥胖组123人）。他们接受了体能测试，包括速度测试（50米跑）、柔韧性测试（坐位体前屈）、腹部力量和耐力测试（30秒仰卧起坐）、肺活量测试（肺活量计）以及间接最大摄氧量测试（次极量自行车测力计）。结果显示，除男孩的柔韧性外，所有体能测试在各组之间均存在统计学显著差异（p < 0.05）。但对于女孩而言，只有50米跑、仰卧起坐和最大摄氧量显示出统计学显著差异（p < 0.05）。在体能测试的性别比较中，正常体重男孩在除柔韧性外的所有测试中均比女孩表现更好（p < 0.05）。超重和肥胖儿童在性别之间没有统计学显著差异。这项研究表明，肥胖儿童的体能在两性中均比正常儿童差，尤其是通过50米跑、仰卧起坐和最大摄氧量测试衡量时。因此，应鼓励肥胖儿童进行锻炼，以提高体能并减轻体重。在性别之间的体能比较中，男孩的体能比女孩好，仅在正常体重组中显著。对于体重增加为何导致两性在体能上没有差异，尚无确切解释。在解释体能时应考虑生活方式、身体技能和遗传因素。
