Tonstad S
Lipidklinikken, Medisinsk avdeling A, Rikshospitalet, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1995 Jan 20;115(2):227-9.
Dietary antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, beta carotene and flavonoids may retard atherosclerosis by preventing low density lipoprotein oxidation. Observational epidemiological studies, including ecological correlations, case control and prospective studies, indicate that high vitamin E levels may be associated with decreased cardiovascular disease. Beta carotene may be protective among smokers and the elderly. Few studies have been able to show that vitamin C has a protective effect. A handful of intervention studies have examined the effects of vitamin E and beta carotene with mixed results. While few side effects of antioxidant supplementation are known, the results of current, large-scale studies in primary intervention must be awaited before recommendations can be made. Increased intake of fruits and vegetables that are rich in antioxidants is recommended.
膳食抗氧化剂，如维生素E、维生素C、β-胡萝卜素和类黄酮，可能通过防止低密度脂蛋白氧化来延缓动脉粥样硬化。观察性流行病学研究，包括生态学相关性研究、病例对照研究和前瞻性研究，表明高维生素E水平可能与心血管疾病风险降低有关。β-胡萝卜素可能对吸烟者和老年人具有保护作用。很少有研究能够证明维生素C具有保护作用。一些干预性研究考察了维生素E和β-胡萝卜素的效果，结果不一。虽然已知抗氧化剂补充剂的副作用很少，但在得出主要干预措施的大规模研究结果之前，暂无法给出相关建议。建议增加富含抗氧化剂的水果和蔬菜的摄入量。
