Copperman N, Schebendach J, Arden M R, Jacobson M S
Department of Pediatrics, Schneider Children's Hospital of Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1995 Mar;149(3):333-6. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1995.02170150113022.
To assess the nutritional adequacy of low-fat, low-saturated fat, low-cholesterol-modified diets of children with hyperlipidemia.
Case comparison study.
Tertiary care ambulatory pediatric atherosclerosis prevention center.
White middle-class suburban children. Subjects were 54 consecutive children with hyperlipidemia (26 boys) with a mean (+/- SD) age of 10.8 +/- 3.4 years. Controls were 44 healthy children (19 boys) aged 10.8 +/- 0.9 years recruited from a local elementary school.
The subjects received individual nutrition counseling on a National Cholesterol Education Program Step I Diet from a registered dietitian.
The 3-day written food records were analyzed by a registered dietitian using the Minnesota Nutrient Data System. Outcome measures were intakes of energy, fat-soluble vitamins, and minerals as a percentage of the Recommended Dietary Allowance. The means between cases and controls were compared by Student's t test.
There was no significant difference in consumption of energy, minerals, or vitamins D and E between the groups. The control group's diet contained significantly greater amounts of fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. The children with hyperlipidemia consumed significantly more vitamin A (P < .005).
The nutrient quality of fat- and cholesterol-modified diets of children who have received nutritional counseling compares favorably with the nutrient quality of controls on an unrestricted diet. Therefore, pediatricians can prescribe with confidence a Step I Diet for children with hyperlipidemia and adolescents when nutritional counseling is available.
评估高脂血症儿童低脂、低饱和脂肪、低胆固醇改良饮食的营养充足性。
病例对照研究。
三级护理门诊儿科动脉粥样硬化预防中心。
白人中产阶级郊区儿童。研究对象为54名连续入选的高脂血症儿童（26名男孩），平均（±标准差）年龄为10.8±3.4岁。对照组为从当地一所小学招募的44名健康儿童（19名男孩），年龄为10.8±0.9岁。
研究对象接受了注册营养师根据国家胆固醇教育计划第一步饮食提供的个体营养咨询。
注册营养师使用明尼苏达营养数据系统对3天的书面饮食记录进行分析。观察指标为能量、脂溶性维生素和矿物质的摄入量占推荐膳食摄入量的百分比。病例组和对照组之间的均值采用学生t检验进行比较。
两组之间在能量、矿物质或维生素D和E的摄入量上无显著差异。对照组的饮食中脂肪、饱和脂肪和胆固醇的含量明显更高。高脂血症儿童摄入的维生素A明显更多（P<.005）。
接受营养咨询的儿童的脂肪和胆固醇改良饮食的营养质量与未受限饮食的对照组的营养质量相比具有优势。因此，当有营养咨询服务时，儿科医生可以放心地为高脂血症儿童和青少年开出第一步饮食处方。
