Sandler I N, Tein J Y, West S G
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287.
Child Dev. 1994 Dec;65(6):1744-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00846.x.
The authors conducted a cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal study of stress, coping, and psychological symptoms in children of divorce. The sample consisted of 258 children (mean age = 10.1; SD = 1.2), of whom 196 were successfully followed 5.5 months later. A 4-dimensional model of coping was found using confirmatory factor analysis, with the factors being active coping, avoidance, distraction, and support. In the cross-sectional model avoidance coping partially mediated the relations between negative events and symptoms while active coping moderated the relations between negative events and conduct problems. In the longitudinal model significant negative paths were found from active coping and distraction Time 1 to internalizing symptoms Time 2, while Time 1 support coping had a positive path coefficient to Time 2 depression. Positive paths were found between negative events at Time 1 and anxiety at Time 2, and between all symptoms at Time 1 and negative events at Time 2.
作者对父母离异儿童的压力、应对方式及心理症状进行了横断面和前瞻性纵向研究。样本包括258名儿童（平均年龄 = 10.1岁；标准差 = 1.2），其中196名儿童在5.5个月后成功接受随访。通过验证性因素分析发现了一个应对方式的四维模型，其因素包括积极应对、回避、分心和支持。在横断面模型中，回避应对部分介导了负面事件与症状之间的关系，而积极应对调节了负面事件与行为问题之间的关系。在纵向模型中，发现从时间1的积极应对和分心到时间2的内化症状存在显著的负向路径，而时间t1的支持性应对到时间2的抑郁有正向路径系数。在时间1的负面事件与时间2的焦虑之间，以及时间1的所有症状与时间2的负面事件之间发现了正向路径。
