Sheets V, Sandler I, West S G
Indiana State University, USA.
Child Dev. 1996 Oct;67(5):2166-82.
This study investigated the appraisals of the significance of negative events made by 256 preadolescent children of divorce. Appraisals were assessed by a 24-item self-report scale. Confirmatory factor analysis of this scale found support for a 3-dimensional model: negative self-appraisal, negative other-appraisal, and material loss. Differentiation between the dimensions of appraisal increased with age in both cross-sectional and over-time data. Evidence for convergent and discriminant validity of the self-report measure of appraisals was found with scores derived from children's open-ended descriptions of their appraisals. Cross-sectional structural equation models found significant paths between negative appraisal and psychological symptoms, over and above the direct effects of the traditional life event measure of stress. Structural equation modeling of longitudinal (5.5 months) data found a significant path from Time 1 appraisal to Time 2 anxiety for the older children.
本研究调查了256名离异家庭的青春期前儿童对负面事件重要性的评价。评价通过一个包含24个条目的自我报告量表进行评估。对该量表的验证性因素分析支持了一个三维模型：负面自我评价、负面他人评价和物质损失。在横断面数据和随时间变化的数据中，评价维度之间的差异均随着年龄的增长而增加。从儿童对其评价的开放式描述中得出的分数，为评价的自我报告测量的收敛效度和区分效度提供了证据。横断面结构方程模型发现，除了传统生活事件压力测量的直接影响之外，负面评价与心理症状之间存在显著路径。纵向（5.5个月）数据的结构方程建模发现，对于年龄较大的儿童，从时间1的评价到时间2的焦虑存在显著路径。
