Tarter R E, Vanyukov M
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pennsylvania 15213.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1994 Dec;62(6):1096-107. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.62.6.1096.
Alcoholism etiology is discussed from a developmental behavior genetic perspective. At the outset point, temperament characteristics, by means of ongoing and reciprocal interaction with the social environment, shape the course of behavioral development. The behavioral characteristics successively acquired during development are vectors that determine the ontogenetic trajectory that culminates ultimately in the clinical disorder of alcoholism. The temperament features that appear to be associated with a heightened risk for alcoholism are examined. Their interactions with the environment during the course of development are considered within an epigenetic framework and, as discussed, have important ramification for improving the prevention and treatment of alcoholism.
从发展行为遗传学的角度探讨酒精中毒的病因。一开始，气质特征通过与社会环境持续且相互的作用，塑造行为发展的进程。在发展过程中相继获得的行为特征是决定个体发育轨迹的因素，最终导致酒精中毒这一临床病症。研究了似乎与酒精中毒风险增加相关的气质特征。在表观遗传学框架内考虑了它们在发育过程中与环境的相互作用，如所讨论的，这对改善酒精中毒的预防和治疗具有重要意义。
