Camp-Bruno J A, Herting R L
Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 Jun;115(1-2):46-52. doi: 10.1007/BF02244750.
Cognitive effects of the novel glycine prodrug milacemide (400 mg), the catecholaminergic agonist methylphenidate (20 mg), and placebo were evaluated in 48 healthy young adults. Throughout a 6-h drug treatment day, subjects repeatedly performed tests of target-detection vigilance, immediate and delayed verbal free recall, and Buschke Selective Reminding; total free recall and forced-choice recognition tests were administered at the end of the day. Significant improvement in both vigilance reaction time and Selective Reminding Sum Recall was observed in the methylphenidate group. Contrary to expectations, the milacemide group evidenced significant declines in both vigilance perceptual sensitivity and free-recall difference scores (delayed-immediate). Vigilance reaction times significantly decreased over repeat testing in all groups, but only the methylphenidate group differed from placebo. The reaction-time functions for milacemide and placebo were similar, suggesting arousal was not diminished under milacemide and could not account for the cognitive decrements. No significant drug effects obtained for total free recall or recognition performance. Although the glycine prodrug milacemide was ineffective as a cognitive enhancer, the involvement of the NMDA receptor in memory function reported in the literature supports continued exploration of other approaches for manipulating NMDA receptor activity.
在48名健康的年轻成年人中评估了新型甘氨酸前药米拉醋胺（400毫克）、儿茶酚胺能激动剂哌甲酯（20毫克）和安慰剂的认知效应。在为期6小时的药物治疗日中，受试者反复进行目标检测警觉性测试、即时和延迟言语自由回忆测试以及布施克选择性提醒测试；在当天结束时进行总自由回忆和强制选择识别测试。在哌甲酯组中观察到警觉反应时间和选择性提醒总回忆均有显著改善。与预期相反，米拉醋胺组在警觉感知灵敏度和自由回忆差异分数（延迟 - 即时）方面均有显著下降。在所有组中，重复测试后警觉反应时间均显著缩短，但只有哌甲酯组与安慰剂组不同。米拉醋胺和安慰剂的反应时间函数相似，表明米拉醋胺不会降低觉醒水平，也无法解释认知能力的下降。在总自由回忆或识别表现方面未获得显著的药物效应。尽管甘氨酸前药米拉醋胺作为认知增强剂无效，但文献中报道的NMDA受体参与记忆功能这一情况支持继续探索其他操纵NMDA受体活性的方法。
