Courtot A M, Nikas G, Gravanis A, Psychoyos A
Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction, UFR Kremlin Bicêtre, Université Paris XI, France.
Hum Reprod. 1994 Nov;9(11):1999-2005. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138382.
Cholic acid (sodium cholate) and the other active ingredients of F-5 gel preparations in use for the impregnation of a new vaginal sponge (Protectaid) with contraceptive and anti-sexually transmitted disease properties, were assessed for their effects on human sperm motility and ultrastructure. Cholic acid (CA) produced an inhibition of motility which was both dose- and time-dependent. A complete suppression of motility was obtained at 30 s by a CA concentration of 1.25%. Nonoxynol-9 (NX9) compared with benzalkonium chloride (BZC) showed no significant difference at the concentration required (0.025%) to give a total inhibition of sperm motility after exposure for 30 s. The addition of F-5A gel containing 0.5% of each one of the spermicide ingredients (CA, NX9 and BZC) produced the total suppression of sperm motility within 30 s at a dilution of 1/50. Another preparation, F-5B gel, containing the spermicide ingredients at different concentrations (1.25% CA, 0.125% NX9 and 0.05% BZC) produced this same effect with a 1/10 dilution. Exposure of semen to a CA concentration of 1.25% or to 1/10 dilutions of F-5A gel for 30 s led to profound changes of sperm ultrastructure studied by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. SEM and TEM findings indicate that CA acts as a spermicide through its 'natural detergent' properties, damaging the outer plasma membrane of sperm cells. Protectaid formulations affect sperm motility and viability in a similar way.
用于浸渍具有避孕和预防性传播疾病特性的新型阴道海绵（Protectaid）的胆酸（胆酸钠）和F-5凝胶制剂的其他活性成分，对其对人类精子活力和超微结构的影响进行了评估。胆酸（CA）对精子活力的抑制具有剂量和时间依赖性。1.25%的CA浓度在30秒时可完全抑制精子活力。壬苯醇醚-9（NX9）与苯扎氯铵（BZC）相比，在暴露30秒后完全抑制精子活力所需的浓度（0.025%）下无显著差异。添加含有每种杀精剂成分（CA、NX9和BZC）0.5%的F-5A凝胶，在1/50稀释度下30秒内可完全抑制精子活力。另一种制剂F-5B凝胶，含有不同浓度的杀精剂成分（1.25%CA、0.125%NX9和0.05%BZC），在1/10稀释度下产生相同效果。将精液暴露于1.25%的CA浓度或F-5A凝胶的1/10稀释液中30秒，通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究发现精子超微结构发生了深刻变化。SEM和TEM结果表明，CA通过其“天然去污剂”特性起到杀精作用，破坏精子细胞的外质膜。Protectaid制剂以类似方式影响精子活力和生存能力。
