Kawuma H J, Bwire R, Adatu-Engwau F
St. Francis Leprosy Centre Buluba, Jinga, Uganda.
Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1994 Dec;62(4):521-6.
Both leprosy and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are endemic in Uganda. Various speculations about a possible interaction between the two infections have been put forward but not confirmed. A case-control study involving 189 new leprosy patients and 481 matched controls, resident in eight Ugandan districts, was carried out to investigate if any relationship exists between leprosy and infection with HIV-1 in Uganda. Serum samples from 23 (12.2%) of the 189 leprosy patients tested positive for HIV-1 antibodies as compared to 88 (18.3%) of the 481 control sera. The two proportions of HIV seropositivity are not different statistically. A stratified analysis of the data by districts was done and showed a negative relationship between leprosy and HIV infection in the case of Rakai District (0.04 < odds ratio < 0.61, p = 0.002). It is recommended that studies seeking to observe the clinical progress of dually infected patients might help to reveal new knowledge about a possible relationship between HIV and leprosy and about the immunology of leprosy in general.
麻风病和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染在乌干达均为地方病。关于这两种感染之间可能存在相互作用的各种推测已经提出，但尚未得到证实。在乌干达八个地区开展了一项病例对照研究，涉及189名新麻风病患者和481名匹配对照，以调查乌干达麻风病与HIV-1感染之间是否存在任何关联。189名麻风病患者中有23名（12.2%）血清样本HIV-1抗体检测呈阳性，而481名对照血清中有88名（18.3%）呈阳性。这两个HIV血清阳性比例在统计学上没有差异。对数据按地区进行了分层分析，结果显示在拉凯地区，麻风病与HIV感染之间呈负相关（0.04 < 比值比 < 0.61，p = 0.002）。建议开展旨在观察双重感染患者临床进展的研究，这可能有助于揭示有关HIV与麻风病之间可能存在的关系以及麻风病总体免疫学的新知识。
